How Fast Do Trains Go?

From local metro at 20 km/h to maglev at 431 km/h — a complete data-driven guide to train speeds worldwide.

7 min read

Quick Answer

Most trains travel between 40 km/h and 320 km/h depending on type. Local metro trains run at 40–100 km/h. Regional trains reach 120–200 km/h. High-speed trains cruise at 250–320 km/h. The Shanghai Maglev — fastest in commercial service — reaches 431 km/h.

  • Local / Metro: 40–100 km/h (25–62 mph)
  • Intercity / Regional: 120–200 km/h (75–124 mph)
  • High-Speed Rail: 250–320 km/h (155–199 mph)
  • Maglev (service): up to 431 km/h (268 mph)
431km/h

Fastest in service

Shanghai Maglev

603km/h

World speed record

SCMaglev L0 test, 2015

320km/h

Fastest high-speed rail

TGV / Shinkansen

150km/h

World average intercity

Approx. typical service

Train Speed Ranges by Category

Train speeds vary enormously. The key factors are track design, train technology, stop frequency, and operating regulations. A metro train on shared urban track cannot approach the speeds of a dedicated high-speed rail corridor.

Tram / Light Rail
20–80 km/h12–50 mph

City trams, light metro, heritage rail

Metro / Subway
40–100 km/h25–62 mph

London Underground, NYC Subway, Paris Métro

Commuter / Suburban
60–130 km/h37–81 mph

NJ Transit, Southern Rail, RER Paris

Regional Express
120–200 km/h75–124 mph

InterRegio, Regional Express, Amtrak Regional

Intercity
160–250 km/h99–155 mph

ICE, Intercity, Eurostar, Virgin Trains

High-Speed Rail
250–350 km/h155–217 mph

TGV, Shinkansen, AVE, CRRC Fuxing

Maglev
350–431+ km/h217–268+ mph

Shanghai Maglev, SCMaglev (test)

Tram / Light Rail20–80 km/h

City trams, light metro, heritage rail

Metro / Subway40–100 km/h

London Underground, NYC Subway, Paris Métro

Commuter / Suburban60–130 km/h

NJ Transit, Southern Rail, RER Paris

Regional Express120–200 km/h

InterRegio, Regional Express, Amtrak Regional

Intercity160–250 km/h

ICE, Intercity, Eurostar, Virgin Trains

High-Speed Rail250–350 km/h

TGV, Shinkansen, AVE, CRRC Fuxing

Maglev350–431+ km/h

Shanghai Maglev, SCMaglev (test)

What Determines How Fast a Train Goes?

Track Infrastructure

Dedicated high-speed tracks allow 300+ km/h because they have gentler curves, higher-quality rail, and no road crossings. Shared or older tracks limit speed to 100–160 km/h for safety.

Train Design & Power

High-speed trains use aerodynamic streamlining, tilting mechanisms (to navigate curves faster), and powerful traction motors. Conventional diesel trains are limited by engine power.

Signalling Systems

Advanced signalling (like ETCS/ERTMS in Europe or ATC in Japan) allows trains to run closer together and brake precisely — enabling higher safe speeds. Older signalling caps speeds.

Safety Regulations

Every rail network has speed limits set by safety authorities. These depend on track condition, infrastructure type, and level crossings. Even capable trains are speed-governed for safety.

Fastest Trains in the World

Train Speed Records & Top Speeds

Train / ServiceTypeTop SpeedmphStatus
SCMaglev L0 (Japan)Maglev (test)603 km/h375 mphWorld Record
TGV POS (France)Conventional (test)574 km/h357 mphRail Record
Shanghai MaglevMaglev (service)431 km/h268 mphIn Service
CRRC CR400AF (China)High-Speed Rail350 km/h217 mphIn Service
TGV / EuroduplexHigh-Speed Rail320 km/h199 mphIn Service
Shinkansen N700SHigh-Speed Rail320 km/h199 mphIn Service
Amtrak Acela (USA)High-Speed Rail240 km/h149 mphIn Service
Indian Vande BharatExpress160 km/h99 mphIn Service
Speeds shown are maximum design/record speeds. Average commercial speeds are lower.

Average Train Speed by Country

🇨🇳China
350 km/h

Extensive HSR network, CRRC Fuxing trains

🇯🇵Japan
320 km/h

Shinkansen bullet train system since 1964

🇫🇷France
320 km/h

TGV network, world rail speed record holder

🇩🇪Germany
300 km/h

ICE trains on dedicated high-speed routes

🇪🇸Spain
310 km/h

AVE network, one of Europe's largest HSR

🇺🇸USA
240 km/h

Amtrak Acela, limited to 240 km/h top speed

How Is Train Speed Measured?

GPS (on mobile devices)

Modern smartphones receive satellite signals from GPS, GLONASS, and Galileo. By measuring Doppler frequency shift or position changes, they calculate speed accurate to ±2–5 km/h at train speeds.

Tachometers (on trains)

Railway tachometers use axle revolution sensors to calculate speed. The number of wheel revolutions per second, multiplied by wheel circumference, gives speed. Modern trains also use GPS for verification.

Radar & Doppler Systems

Some advanced railway signalling systems use trackside Doppler radar to measure train speed precisely. These are used in high-speed rail to ensure accurate stopping distances.

Try It Yourself

Want to measure your train's actual speed? TrainSpeedTest.net uses your phone's GPS to give you a real-time km/h reading — no app needed, works in any modern browser.

Frequently Asked Questions: Train Speed

How fast do trains go on average?
How fast can a high-speed train go?
What is the fastest train in the world?
How fast is a freight train?
How can I check how fast my train is going?

Related Train Speed Resources

See How Fast Your Train Is Going

Use our free GPS train speed tester to measure your exact train speed in real time — right in your browser.

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